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Find the simple past and the past participle of an irregular verb. Enter its infinitive without the preposition "to":
                   
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The passive sentences


Active sentences and passive sentences:
He wrote a letter. Active form

A letter was written by him: Passive form

The object of an active sentence becomes the subject
of the passive sentence.

By him 
(him = object of by) = by-phrase.


Form of passive verb:
BE+ past participle
Be can be in any of its forms: am, is, are, was, were, has been,
have been, had been, will be, be going to be.

Transitive and intransitive verbs:

To buy has un object. 
It’s a transitive verb 

A book is going to be bought. 
passive form exists.

An accident happened: 
To happen doesn’t have un object 

It’s an intransitive verb
No passive form.

Using the by-phrase:

The by-phrase is used in passive sentences
when it is important to know who performs an action (important
information). Otherwise, the by-phrase is not considered.

The passive forms of the present & past progressive:
She is selling books.
Book are being sold (by She)

They were reading books
Books were being read (by Them)


Am, is, are + being + past participle
Was, were + being + past participle



Passive modals auxiliaries
Form: modal + BE + past participle.
He will fill out a form
A form  will be filled out (by Him)

can be
would be 
should be 
ought to be   
could be
must be 
may be
might be 
have to be 


Using past participle as adjectives:( Stative passive)

She is young
He will be prepared for the exam
"Be" can be followed by an adjective. This adjective describes or gives 
information about the subject. As the past participle
does.

Often the past participles are followed by
prepositions + an object.

Some common expressions with BE + past participle
  1. Be acquainted (with)
  2. Be bored (with, by)
  3. Be broken
  4. Be closed
  5. Be composed of
  6. Be crowded (with)
  7. Be devoted (to)
  8. Be disappointed (in, with)
  9. Be divorced (from)
  10. Be done with (with)
  11. Be drunk (on)
  12. Be engaged (to)
  13. Be excited (about)
  14. Be exhausted (from)
  15. Be finished (with)
  16. Be frightened (of, by)
  17. Be gone (from)
  18. Be hurt
  19. Be interested (in)
  20. Be involved (in)
  21. Be located in, south of, etc.
  22. Be lost
  23. Be made of
  24. Be married (to)
  25. Be opposed (to)
  26. Be pleased (with)
  27. Be prepared (for)
  28. Be qualified (for)
  29. Be related (to)
  30. Be satisfied (with)
  31. Be scared (of, by)
  32. Be shut
  33. Be spoiled
  34. Be terrified (of, by)
  35. Be tired (of, from)
  36. Be worried about
Participial adjectives: -ED, -ING: I am interested in English grammar The speech was interesting. As a past participle, the present participle can be used as an adjective. The past participle describes HOW The present participle describes the CAUSE. Get+ Adjective. Get + past participle: I am getting thirsty. They got married last year. Get can be followed by an adjective. It describes the change (Beginning to be, becoming) Get can be followed by a past participle. It describes the subject Get + adjective
  1. Get angry
  2. Get bald
  3. Get big
  4. Get busy
  5. Get close
  6. Get cold
  7. Get dark
  8. Get dirty
  9. Get dizzy
  10. Get dry
  11. Get fat
  12. Get full
  13. Get hot
  14. Get hungry
  15. Get interested
  16. Get late
  17. Get nervous
  18. Get old
  19. Get quiet
  20. Get rich<
  21. Get serious
  22. Get sick
  23. Get sleepy<
  24. Get thirsty
  25. Get well
  26. Get wet
Get + past participle
  1. Get acquainted
  2. Get arrested
  3. Get bored
  4. Get confused
  5. Get crowed
  6. Get divorced
  7. Get done
  8. Get dressed
  9. Get drunk
  10. Get engaged
  11. Get excited
  12. Get finished
  13. Get frightened
  14. Get hurt
  15. Get interested
  16. Get invited
  17. Get involved
  18. Get killed
  19. Get lost
  20. Get married
  21. Get scared
  22. Get sunburned
  23. Get tired
  24. Get worried
Using Be used to / Accustomed to & Get used to / Accustomed to: I am used to hot climate = I am accustomed to hot climate I am used to living in a hot climate = I am accustomed to living in a hot. (Normal, usual, familiar, not strange, not different to me) Be used to, is followed by a noun or gerund: I am getting used to (or accustomed to) the cold weather. Something is beginning to seem usual and normal (not before). NOTE: Habitual past: I used to live (infinitive form follows used). Used to don’t pronounce “d”) Using "Be supposed to": She is supposed to remember this rule. They were supposed to not speak out. Be supposed to is used to talk about an activity or event that is expected to occur. The present form of BE is used for both present & future expectations. Here is the rule: Subject + used to ( simple form of the verb) : not any more (past) Subject + ( to be or to get ) + used to + noun phrase (or gerund) = become accustomed to (the present). I used to see some friends ( BEFORE: but not any more) I have gotten used to my keyboard ( NOW: finally become accustomed) He is not used to eating this kind of food ( NOW: not accustomed to eat this sort of food


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